Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2005) - Paraguay (2002)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2005) z Paraguay (2002)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2005)	Paraguay (2002)

Administrative divisions	-	17 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital city; Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion, Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 38.7% (male 1,156,366; female 1,119,558) 15-64 years: 56.6% (male 1,671,721; female 1,658,683) 65 years and over: 4.7% (male 128,137; female 150,026) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	cotton, sugarcane, soybeans, corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, eggs, milk; timber
Airports	none (2004 est.)	899 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 11 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 868 1,524 to 2,437 m: 27 914 to 1,523 m: 323 under 914 m: 518 (2002)
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands	total: 406,750 sq km land: 397,300 sq km water: 9,450 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	slightly smaller than California
Background	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908, except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations, and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.	In the disastrous War of the Triple Alliance (1865-70), Paraguay lost two-thirds of all adult males and much of its territory. It stagnated economically for the next half century. In the Chaco War of 1932-35, large, economically important areas were won from Bolivia. The 35-year military dictatorship of Alfredo STROESSNER was overthrown in 1989, and, despite a marked increase in political infighting in recent years, relatively free and regular presidential elections have been held since then.
Birth rate	-	30.5 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $1.3 billion expenditures: $2 billion, including capital expenditures of $700 million (1999 est.)
Capital	-	Asuncion
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
Coastline	NA km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	-	promulgated 20 June 1992
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none	conventional long form: Republic of Paraguay conventional short form: Paraguay local long form: Republica del Paraguay local short form: Paraguay
Currency	-	guarani (PYG)
Death rate	-	4.69 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	-	$2.9 billion (2001 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	chief of mission: Ambassador John F. KEANE embassy: 1776 Avenida Mariscal Lopez, Casilla Postal 402, Asuncion mailing address: Unit 4711, APO AA 34036-0001 telephone: [595] (21) 213-715 FAX: [595] (21) 213-728
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	chief of mission: Ambassador Leila Teresa RACHID COWLES chancery: 2400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 483-6960 through 6962 FAX: [1] (202) 234-4508 consulate(s) general: Kansas City, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied the islands by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	$NA
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.	Paraguay has a market economy marked by a large informal sector. The informal sector features both reexport of imported consumer goods to neighboring countries as well as the activities of thousands of microenterprises and urban street vendors. Because of the importance of the informal sector, accurate economic measures are difficult to obtain. A large percentage of the population derives their living from agricultural activity, often on a subsistence basis. The formal economy grew by an average of about 3% annually in 1995-97, but GDP declined slightly in 1998, 1999, and 2000. On a per capita basis, real income has stagnated at 1980 levels. Most observers attribute Paraguay's poor economic performance to political uncertainty, corruption, lack of progress on structural reform, substantial internal and external debt, and deficient infrastructure.
Electricity - consumption	-	1.95 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	-	47.392 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	-	53.056 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 0% hydro: 100% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m highest point: Cerro Pero (Cerro Tres Kandu) 842 m
Environment - current issues	NA	deforestation; water pollution; inadequate means for waste disposal present health risks for many urban residents; loss of wetlands
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups	-	mestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 95%
Exchange rates	-	guarani per US dollar - 4,783.0 (January 2002), 4,107.7 (2001), 3,486.4 (2000), 3,119.1 (1999), 2,726.5 (1998), 2,177.9 (1997); note - since early 1998, the exchange rate has operated as a managed float; prior to that, the exchange rate was determined freely in the market
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Luis Angel GONZALEZ MACCHI (since 28 March 1999); Vice President Julio Cesar FRANCO (since NA August 2000) resigned 16 October 2002; position now vacant; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Luis Angel GONZALEZ MACCHI (since 28 March 1999); Vice President Julio Cesar FRANCO (since NA August 2000) resigned 16 October 2002; position now vacant; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the president elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003) election results: Raul CUBAS Grau elected president; percent of vote - 55.3%; resigned 28 March 1999 note: President Luis Angel GONZALEZ MACCHI, formerly president of the Chamber of Senators, constitutionally succeeded President Raul CUBAS Grau, who resigned after being impeached soon after the assassination of Vice President Luis Maria ARGANA; the successor to ARGANA was decided in an election held in August 2000
Exports	-	$2.2 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	-	electricity, soybeans, feed, cotton, meat, edible oils
Exports - partners	-	Brazil 39%, Uruguay 14%, Argentina 11% (2000)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)	three equal, horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue with an emblem centered in the white band; unusual flag in that the emblem is different on each side; the obverse (hoist side at the left) bears the national coat of arms (a yellow five-pointed star within a green wreath capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles); the reverse (hoist side at the right) bears the seal of the treasury (a yellow lion below a red Cap of Liberty and the words Paz y Justicia (Peace and Justice) capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles)
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $26.2 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 29% industry: 26% services: 45% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $4,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	0% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	23 00 S, 58 00 W
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia	landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil; population concentrated in southern part of country
Highways	-	total: 25,901 km paved: 3,067 km unpaved: 22,834 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: 1% highest 10%: 44% (1998) (1998)
Illicit drugs	-	major illicit producer of cannabis, most or all of which is consumed in South America; transshipment country for Andean cocaine headed for Brazil, other Southern Cone markets, Europe, and US; corruption and some money-laundering activity, especially in the Tri-Border Area
Imports	-	$2.7 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	-	road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products, electrical machinery
Imports - partners	-	Argentina 25.4%, Brazil 24.5%, Uruguay 3.8% (2000)
Independence	-	14 May 1811 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate	-	0% (2000 est.)
Industries	-	sugar, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products
Infant mortality rate	-	28.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	7.2% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	-	CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	4 (2000)
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	670 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges appointed on the proposal of the Counsel of Magistrates or Consejo de la Magistratura)
Labor force	-	2 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture 45%
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 3,920 km border countries: Argentina 1,880 km, Bolivia 750 km, Brazil 1,290 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2001)	arable land: 5.54% permanent crops: 0.21% other: 94.25% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	Spanish (official), Guarani (official)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court	based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice
Legislative branch	-	bicameral Congress or Congreso consists of the Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (80 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: Chamber of Senators - last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003); Chamber of Deputies - last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003) election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Colorado Party 25, PLRA 13, PEN 7; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Colorado Party 45, PLRA 26, PEN 9
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 74.16 years male: 71.67 years female: 76.77 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.1% male: 93.5% female: 90.6% (1995 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Central South America, northeast of Argentina
Map references	Antarctic Region	South America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	-	total: 21 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 34,623 GRT/36,821 DWT ships by type: cargo 14, chemical tanker 1, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 3 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Argentina 2, Japan 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	-	Army, Navy (includes Naval Air and Marines), Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$125 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.4% (FY98)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 1,427,160 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 1,028,935 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	17 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 58,359 (2002 est.)
National holiday	-	Independence Day, 14 May (1811)
Nationality	-	noun: Paraguayan(s) adjective: Paraguayan
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)
Natural resources	fish	hydropower, timber, iron ore, manganese, limestone
Net migration rate	-	-0.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Authentic Radical Liberal Party or PLRA [Miguel Abdon SAGUIER]; Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Luis Miguel ANDRADA Nogues]; Febrerista Revolutionary Party or PRF [Oscar ACUNA TORRES]; National Encounter Party or PEN [Mario PAZ CASTAING]; National Republican Association - Colorado Party [Nicanor DUARTE FRUTOS]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	Ahorristas Estafados or AE; National Workers Central or CNT; Paraguayan Workers Confederation or CPT; Roman Catholic Church; Unitary Workers Central or CUT
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2005 est.)	5,884,491 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	36% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate	-	2.57% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grytviken	Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion
Radio broadcast stations	0 (2003)	AM 46, FM 27, shortwave 6 (three inactive) (1998)
Radios	-	925,000 (1997)
Railways	-	total: 971 km standard gauge: 441 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 60 km 1.000-m gauge note: there are 470 km of various gauges that are privately owned
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 90%, Mennonite, and other Protestant
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal and compulsory up to age 75
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion domestic: fair microwave radio relay network international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	290,475 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	510,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	0 (2003)	4 (2001)
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere
Total fertility rate	-	4.07 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	17.8% (2001 est.)
Waterways	-	3,100 km

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